LESS THAN HUMAN おいしさを笑顔に

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/Numbers/…/blackhl_two.htm

This instance is division by zero. We say arithmetic is open for division by zero because it leads to a non-numerical entity called infinity. Books have been written on infinity. I shall not deal with infinity further here except to note (because I am a …

ゼロ除算の発見は日本です：

∞？？？

∞は定まった数ではない・・・・・

人工知能はゼロ除算ができるでしょうか：

とても興味深く読みました：

ゼロ除算の発見と重要性を指摘した：日本、再生核研究所

ゼロ除算関係論文・本

2017年11月15日(水)
テーマ：

The null set is conceptually similar to the role of the number “zero” as it is used in quantum field theory. In quantum field theory, one can take the empty set, the vacuum, and generate all possible physical configurations of the Universe being modelled by acting on it with creation operators, and one can similarly change from one thing to another by applying mixtures of creation and anihillation operators to suitably filled or empty states. The anihillation operator applied to the vacuum, however, yields zero.

Zero in this case is the null set – it stands, quite literally, for no physical state in the Universe. The important point is that it is not possible to act on zero with a creation operator to create something; creation operators only act on the vacuum which is empty but not zero. Physicists are consequently fairly comfortable with the existence of operations that result in “nothing” and don’t even require that those operations be contradictions, only operationally non-invertible.

It is also far from unknown in mathematics. When considering the set of all real numbers as quantities and the operations of ordinary arithmetic, the “empty set” is algebraically the number zero (absence of any quantity, positive or negative). However, when one performs a division operation algebraically, one has to be careful to exclude division by zero from the set of permitted operations! The result of division by zero isn’t zero, it is “not a number” or “undefined” and is not in the Universe of real numbers.

Just as one can easily “prove” that 1 = 2 if one does algebra on this set of numbers as if one can divide by zero legitimately3.34, so in logic one gets into trouble if one assumes that the set of all things that are in no set including the empty set is a set within the algebra, if one tries to form the set of all sets that do not include themselves, if one asserts a Universal Set of Men exists containing a set of men wherein a male barber shaves all men that do not shave themselves3.35.

It is not – it is the null set, not the empty set, as there can be no male barbers in a non-empty set of men (containing at least one barber) that shave all men in that set that do not shave themselves at a deeper level than a mere empty list. It is not an empty set that could be filled by some algebraic operation performed on Real Male Barbers Presumed to Need Shaving in trial Universes of Unshaven Males as you can very easily see by considering any particular barber, perhaps one named “Socrates”, in any particular Universe of Men to see if any of the sets of that Universe fit this predicate criterion with Socrates as the barber. Take the empty set (no men at all). Well then there are no barbers, including Socrates, so this cannot be the set we are trying to specify as it clearly must contain at least one barber and we’ve agreed to call its relevant barber Socrates. (and if it contains more than one, the rest of them are out of work at the moment).

Suppose a trial set contains Socrates alone. In the classical rendition we ask, does he shave himself? If we answer “no”, then he is a member of this class of men who do not shave themselves and therefore must shave himself. Oops. Well, fine, he must shave himself. However, if he does shave himself, according to the rules he can only shave men who don’t shave themselves and so he doesn’t shave himself. Oops again. Paradox. When we try to apply the rule to a potential Socrates to generate the set, we get into trouble, as we cannot decide whether or not Socrates should shave himself.

Note that there is no problem at all in the existential set theory being proposed. In that set theory either Socrates must shave himself as All Men Must Be Shaven and he’s the only man around. Or perhaps he has a beard, and all men do not in fact need shaving. Either way the set with just Socrates does not contain a barber that shaves all men because Socrates either shaves himself or he doesn’t, so we shrug and continue searching for a set that satisfies our description pulled from an actual Universe of males including barbers. We immediately discover that adding more men doesn’t matter. As long as those men, barbers or not, either shave themselves or Socrates shaves them they are consistent with our set description (although in many possible sets we find that hey, other barbers exist and shave other men who do not shave themselves), but in no case can Socrates (as our proposed single barber that shaves all men that do not shave themselves) be such a barber because he either shaves himself (violating the rule) or he doesn’t (violating the rule). Instead of concluding that there is a paradox, we observe that the criterion simply doesn’t describe any subset of any possible Universal Set of Men with no barbers, including the empty set with no men at all, or any subset that contains at least Socrates for any possible permutation of shaving patterns including ones that leave at least some men unshaven altogether.

I understand your note as if you are saying the limit is infinity but nothing is equal to infinity, but you concluded corretly infinity is undefined. Your example of getting the denominator smaller and smalser the result of the division is a very large number that approches infinity. This is the intuitive mathematical argument that plunged philosophy into mathematics. at that level abstraction mathematics, as well as phyisics become the realm of philosophi. The notion of infinity is more a philosopy question than it is mathamatical. The reason we cannot devide by zero is simply axiomatic as Plato pointed out. The underlying reason for the axiom is because sero is nothing and deviding something by nothing is undefined. That axiom agrees with the notion of limit infinity, i.e. undefined. There are more phiplosphy books and thoughts about infinity in philosophy books than than there are discussions on infinity in math books.

ゼロ除算の歴史：ゼロ除算はゼロで割ることを考えるであるが、アリストテレス以来問題とされ、ゼロの記録がインドで初めて６２８年になされているが、既にそのとき、正解1/0が期待されていたと言う。しかし、理論づけられず、その後１３００年を超えて、不可能である、あるいは無限、無限大、無限遠点とされてきたものである。

An Early Reference to Division by Zero C. B. Boyer

OUR HUMANITY AND DIVISION BY ZERO

Lea esta bitácora en español
There is a mathematical concept that says that division by zero has no meaning, or is an undefined expression, because it is impossible to have a real number that could be multiplied by zero in order to obtain another number diff
erent from zero.
While this mathematical concept has been held as true for centuries, when it comes to the human level the present situation in global societies has, for a very long time, been contradicting it. It is true that we don’t all live in a mathematical world or with mathematical concepts in our heads all the time. However, we cannot deny that societies around the globe are trying to disprove this simple mathematical concept: that division by zero is an impossible equation to solve.
Yes! We are all being divided by zero tolerance, zero acceptance, zero love, zero compassion, zero willingness to learn more about the other and to find intelligent and fulfilling ways to adapt to new ideas, concepts, ways of doing things, people and cultures. We are allowing these ‘zero denominators’ to run our equations, our lives, our souls.
Each and every single day we get more divided and distanced from other people who are different from us. We let misinformation and biased concepts divide us, and we buy into these aberrant concepts in such a way, that we get swept into this division by zero without checking our consciences first.
I believe, however, that if we change the zeros in any of the “divisions by zero” that are running our lives, we will actually be able to solve the non-mathematical concept of this equation: the human concept.
>I believe deep down that we all have a heart, a conscience, a brain to think with, and, above all, an immense desire to learn and evolve. And thanks to all these positive things that we do have within, I also believe that we can use them to learn how to solve our “division by zero” mathematical impossibility at the human level. I am convinced that the key is open communication and an open heart. Nothing more, nothing less.
Are we scared of, or do we feel baffled by the way another person from another culture or country looks in comparison to us? Are we bothered by how people from other cultures dress, eat, talk, walk, worship, think, etc.? Is this fear or bafflement so big that we much rather reject people and all the richness they bring within?
How about if instead of rejecting or retreating from that person—division of our humanity by zero tolerance or zero acceptance—we decided to give them and us a chance?
How about changing that zero tolerance into zero intolerance? Why not dare ask questions about the other person’s culture and way of life? Let us have the courage to let our guard down for a moment and open up enough for this person to ask us questions about our culture and way of life. How about if we learned to accept that while a person from another culture is living and breathing in our own culture, it is totally impossible for him/her to completely abandon his/her cultural values in order to become what we want her to become?
Let’s be totally honest with ourselves at least: Would any of us really renounce who we are and where we come from just to become what somebody else asks us to become?
If we are not willing to lose our identity, why should we ask somebody else to lose theirs?
I believe with all my heart that if we practiced positive feelings—zero intolerance, zero non-acceptance, zero indifference, zero cruelty—every day, the premise that states that division by zero is impossible would continue being true, not only in mathematics, but also at the human level. We would not be divided anymore; we would simply be building a better world for all of us.
Hoping to have touched your soul in a meaningful way,
Adriana Adarve, Asheville, NC
…/our-humanity-and-division…/

5000年？？？？？

2017年09月01日(金)NEW !
テーマ：数学
Former algebraic approach was formally perfect, but it merely postulated existence of sets and morphisms [18] without showing methods to construct them. The primary concern of modern algebras is not how an operation can be performed, but whether it maps into or onto and the like abstract issues [19–23]. As important as this may be for proofs, the nature does not really care about all that. The PM’s concerns were not constructive, even though theoretically significant. We need thus an approach that is more relevant to operations performed in nature, which never complained about morphisms or the allegedly impossible division by zero, as far as I can tell. Abstract sets and morphisms should be de-emphasized as hardly operational. My decision to come up with a definite way to implement the feared division by zero was not really arbitrary, however. It has removed a hidden paradox from number theory and an obvious absurd from algebraic group theory. It was necessary step for full deployment of constructive, synthetic mathematics (SM) [2,3]. Problems hidden in PM implicitly affect all who use mathematics, even though we may not always be aware of their adverse impact on our thinking. Just take a look at the paradox that emerges from the usual prescription for multiplication of zeros that remained uncontested for some 5000 years 0 0 ¼ 0 ) 0 1=1 ¼ 0 ) 0 1 ¼ 0 1) 1ð? ¼ ?Þ1 ð0aÞ This ‘‘fact’’ was covered up by the infamous prohibition on division by zero [2]. How ingenious. If one is prohibited from dividing by zero one could not obtain this paradox. Yet the prohibition did not really make anything right. It silenced objections to irresponsible reasonings and prevented corrections to the PM’s flamboyant axiomatizations. The prohibition on treating infinity as invertible counterpart to zero did not do any good either. We use infinity in calculus for symbolic calculations of limits [24], for zero is the infinity’s twin [25], and also in projective geometry as well as in geometric mapping of complex numbers. Therein a sphere is cast onto the plane that is tangent to it and its free (opposite) pole in a point at infinity [26–28]. Yet infinity as an inverse to the natural zero removes the whole absurd (0a), for we obtain [2] 0 ¼ 1=1 ) 0 0 ¼ 1=12 > 0 0 ð0bÞ Stereographic projection of complex numbers tacitly contradicted the PM’s prescribed way to multiply zeros, yet it was never openly challenged. The old formula for multiplication of zeros (0a) is valid only as a practical approximation, but it is group-theoretically inadmissible in no-nonsense reasonings. The tiny distinction in formula (0b) makes profound theoretical difference for geometries and consequently also for physical applications. T

とても興味深く読みました：

10,000 Year Clock
by Renny Pritikin
Conversation with Paolo Salvagione, lead engineer on the 10,000-year clock project, via e-mail in February 2010.

For an introduction to what we’re talking about here’s a short excerpt from a piece by Michael Chabon, published in 2006 in Details: ….Have you heard of this thing? It is going to be a kind of gigantic mechanical computer, slow, simple and ingenious, marking the hour, the day, the year, the century, the millennium, and the precession of the equinoxes, with a huge orrery to keep track of the immense ticking of the six naked-eye planets on their great orbital mainspring. The Clock of the Long Now will stand sixty feet tall, cost tens of millions of dollars, and when completed its designers and supporters plan to hide it in a cave in the Great Basin National Park in Nevada, a day’s hard walking from anywhere. Oh, and it’s going to run for ten thousand years. But even if the Clock of the Long Now fails to last ten thousand years, even if it breaks down after half or a quarter or a tenth that span, this mad contraption will already have long since fulfilled its purpose. Indeed the Clock may have accomplished its greatest task before it is ever finished, perhaps without ever being built at all. The point of the Clock of the Long Now is not to measure out the passage, into their unknown future, of the race of creatures that built it. The point of the Clock is to revive and restore the whole idea of the Future, to get us thinking about the Future again, to the degree if not in quite the way same
way that we used to do, and to reintroduce the notion that we don’t just bequeath the future—though we do, whether we think about it or not. We also, in the very broadest sense of the first person plural pronoun, inherit it.

Renny Pritikin: When we were talking the other day I said that this sounds like a cross between Borges and the vast underground special effects from Forbidden Planet. I imagine you hear lots of comparisons like that…

Paolo Salvagione: (laughs) I can’t say I’ve heard that comparison. A childhood friend once referred to the project as a cross between Tinguely and Fabergé. When talking about the clock, with people, there’s that divide-by-zero moment (in the early days of computers to divide by zero was a sure way to crash the computer) and I can understand why. Where does one place, in one’s memory, such a thing, such a concept? After the pause, one could liken it to a reboot, the questions just start streaming out.

RP: OK so I think the word for that is nonplussed. Which the thesaurus matches with flummoxed, bewildered, at a loss. So the question is why even (I assume) fairly sophisticated people like your friends react like that. Is it the physical scale of the plan, or the notion of thinking 10,000 years into the future—more than the length of human history?

PS: I’d say it’s all three and more. I continue to be amazed by the specificity of the questions asked. Anthropologists ask a completely different set of questions than say, a mechanical engineer or a hedge fund manager. Our disciplines tie us to our perspectives. More than once, a seemingly innocent question has made an impact on the design of the clock. It’s not that we didn’t know the answer, sometimes we did, it’s that we hadn’t thought about it from the perspective of the person asking the question. Back to your question. I think when sophisticated people, like you, thread this concept through their own personal narrative it tickles them. Keeping in mind some people hate to be tickled.

RP: Can you give an example of a question that redirected the plan? That’s really so interesting, that all you brainiacs slaving away on this project and some amateur blithely pinpoints a problem or inconsistency or insight that spins it off in a different direction. It’s like the butterfly effect.

PS: Recently a climatologist pointed out that our equation of time cam, (photo by Rolfe Horn) (a cam is a type of gear: link) a device that tracks the difference between solar noon and mundane noon as well as the precession of the equinoxes, did not account for the redistribution of water away from the earth’s poles. The equation-of-time cam is arguably one of the most aesthetically pleasing parts of the clock. It also happens to be one that is fairly easy to explain. It visually demonstrates two extremes. If you slice it, like a loaf of bread, into 10,000 slices each slice would represent a year. The outside edge of the slice, let’s call it the crust, represents any point in that year, 365 points, 365 days. You could, given the right amount of magnification, divide it into hours, minutes, even seconds. Stepping back and looking at the unsliced cam the bottom is the year 2000 and the top is the year 12000. The twist that you see is the precession of the equinoxes. Now here’s the fun part, there’s a slight taper to the twist, that’s the slowing of the earth on its axis. As the ice at the poles melts we have a redistribution of water, we’re all becoming part of the “slow earth” movement.

RP: Are you familiar with Charles Ray’s early work in which you saw a plate on a table, or an object on the wall, and they looked stable, but were actually spinning incredibly slowly, or incredibly fast, and you couldn’t tell in either case? Or, more to the point, Tim Hawkinson’s early works in which he had rows of clockwork gears that turned very very fast, and then down the line, slower and slower, until at the end it approached the slowness that you’re dealing with?

PS: The spinning pieces by Ray touches on something we’re trying to avoid. We want you to know just how fast or just how slow the various parts are moving. The beauty of the Ray piece is that you can’t tell, fast, slow, stationary, they all look the same. I’m not familiar with the Hawkinson clockwork piece. I’ve see the clock pieces where he hides the mechanism and uses unlikely objects as the hands, such as the brass clasp on the back of a manila envelope or the tab of a coke can.

RP: Spin Sink (1 Rev./100 Years) (1995), in contrast, is a 24-foot-long row of interlocking gears, the smallest of which is driven by a whirring toy motor that in turn drives each consecutively larger and more slowly turning gear up to the largest of all, which rotates approximately once every one hundred years.

PS: I don’t know how I missed it, it’s gorgeous. Linking the speed that we can barely see with one that we rarely have the patience to wait for.

RP: : So you say you’ve opted for the clock’s time scale to be transparent. How will the clock communicate how fast it’s going?

PS: By placing the clock in a mountain we have a reference to long time. The stratigraphy provides us with the slowest metric. The clock is a middle point between millennia and seconds. Looking back 10,000 years we find the beginnings of civilization. Looking at an earthenware vessel from that era we imagine its use, the contents, the craftsman. The images painted or inscribed on the outside provide some insight into the lives and the languages of the distant past. Often these interpretations are flawed, biased or over-reaching. What I’m most enchanted by is that we continue to construct possible pasts around these objects, that our curiosity is overwhelming. We line up to see the treasures of Tut, or the remains of frozen ancestors. With the clock we are asking you to create possible futures, long futures, and with them the narratives that made them happen.

ダ・ヴィンチの名言 格言｜無こそ最も素晴らしい存在

ゼロ除算の発見はどうでしょうか：
Black holes are where God divided by zero：

再生核研究所声明371（2017.6.27）ゼロ除算の講演―　国際会議　

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

ソクラテス・プラトン・アリストテレス　その他

ドキュメンタリー 2017: 神の数式第２回宇宙はなぜ生まれたのか

〔NHKスペシャル〕神の数式完全版第3回宇宙はなぜ始まったのか
&t=3318s
〔NHKスペシャル〕神の数式完全版第1回この世は何からできているのか

NHKスペシャル神の数式完全版第4回異次元宇宙は存在するか

再生核研究所声明 411(2018.02.02): 　ゼロ除算発見4周年を迎えて

再生核研究所声明 416(2018.2.20): 　ゼロ除算をやってどういう意味が有りますか。何か意味が有りますか。何になるのですか　－　回答
再生核研究所声明 417(2018.2.23): 　ゼロ除算って何ですか　－　中学生、高校生向き　回答
再生核研究所声明 418(2018.2.24): 　割り算とは何ですか？　ゼロ除算って何ですか　－　小学生、中学生向き　回答
再生核研究所声明 420(2018.3.2): ゼロ除算は正しいですか，合っていますか、信用できますか　－　回答

2018.3.18．午前中　最後の講演：　日本数学会　東大駒場、函数方程式論分科会　講演書画カメラ用　原稿
The Japanese Mathematical Society, Annual Meeting at the University of Tokyo. 2018.3.18.
より

*057 Pinelas,S./Caraballo,T./Kloeden,P./Graef,J.(eds.): Differential and Difference Equations with Applications: ICDDEA, Amadora, 2017. (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 230) May 2018 587 pp.

再生核研究所声明 424(2018.3.29): 　レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチとゼロ除算

再生核研究所声明 427(2018.5.8): 神の数式、神の意志　そしてゼロ除算

Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.

私は数学を信じない。　アルバート・アインシュタイン / I don’t believe in mathematics. Albert Einstein→ゼロ除算ができなかったからではないでしょうか。

1423793753.460.341866474681。

Einstein’s Only Mistake: Division by Zero

ゼロ除算は定義が問題です：

再生核研究所声明　１４８（2014.2.12）　100/0=0, 0/0=0　－　割り算の考えを自然に拡張すると　―　神の意志

再生核研究所声明１７１（2014.7.30）掛け算の意味と割り算の意味　―　ゼロ除算100/0=0は自明である？

私は数学を信じない。　アルバート・アインシュタイン / I don’t believe in mathematics. Albert Einstein→ゼロ除算ができなかったからではないでしょうか。1423793753.460.341866474681。

Einstein’s Only Mistake: Division by Zero

#divide by zero

TOP DEFINITION

A super-smart math teacher that teaches at HTHS and can divide by zero.

Hey look, that genius’s IQ is over 9000!

by October 21, 2009

Dividing by zero is the biggest known to mankind. It is a proven fact that a succesful division by zero will constitute in the implosion of the universe.

You are dividing by zero there, Johnny. Captain Kirk is not impressed.

Divide by zero?!?!! OMG!!! Epic failzorz

by is undefined.

Divide by zero is undefined.

by October 28, 2006

1) The number one ingredient for a catastrophic event in which the universe enfolds and collapses on itself and life as we know it ceases to exist.

2) A mathematical equation such as a/0 whereas a is some number and 0 is the divisor. Look it up on or something. Pretty confusing shit.

3) A reason for an error in programming

Hey, I divided by zero! …Oh shi-

a/0

Run-time error: ’11’: Division by zero

by September 08, 2006

When even math shows you that not everything can be figured out with math. When you divide by zero, math kicks you in the shins and says “yeah, there’s kind of an answer, but it ain’t just some number.”

It’s when mathematicians become philosophers.

:
Let’s say you have ZERO apples, and THREE people. How many apples does each person get? ZERO, cause there were no apples to begin with

because of dividing by zero:
Let’s say there are THREE apples, and ZERO people. How many apples does each person get? Friggin… How the should I know! How can you figure out how many apples each person gets if there’s no people to get them?!? You’d think it’d be infinity, but not really. It could almost be any number, cause you could be like “each person gets 400 apples” which would be true, because all the people did get 400 apples, because there were no people. So all the people also got 42 apples, and a million and 7 apples. But it’s still wrong.

by February 15, 2010

LESS THAN HUMANの販売店舗情報、商品を格安価格でご提供しております

[PDF]

cs229.stanford.edu/…/Miles%20Bennett,%20Casey%20Haaland,%2…

M Bennett 著 – ‎

2014/12/03 – author of a given Beatles‘ song using the lyrics as features. Since a large majority ofBeatles songs were written by either. John Lennon or Paul McCartney, we restricted the scope of our project to a simple binary classification problem. Though text classification is a ….. prevents division by zero in the case that a word does not appear [8]. Using this new feature mapping we reran a selection of our previous algorithms to see if the new feature mapping φw(x) garnered …

とても興味深く読みました：ゼロ除算の発見は、日本　再生核研究所

2017年11月15日(水)
テーマ：

An Early Reference to Division by Zero C. B. Boyer

OUR HUMANITY AND DIVISION BY ZERO

Lea esta bitácora en español
There is a mathematical concept that says that division by zero has no meaning, or is an undefined expression, because it is impossible to have a real number that could be multiplied by zero in order to obtain another number different from zero.< br>While this mathematical concept has been held as true for centuries, when it comes to the human level the present situation in global societies has, for a very long time, been contradicting it. It is true that we don’t all live in a mathematical world or with mathematical concepts in our heads all the time. However, we cannot deny that societies around the globe are trying to disprove this simple mathematical concept: that division by zero is an impossible equation to solve.
Yes! We are all being divided by zero tolerance, zero acceptance, zero love, zero compassion, zero willingness to learn more about the other and to find intelligent and fulfilling ways to adapt to new ideas, concepts, ways of doing things, people and cultures. We are allowing these ‘zero denominators’ to run our equations, our lives, our souls.
Each and every single day we get more divided and distanced from other people who are different from us. We let misinformation and biased concepts divide us, and we buy into these aberrant concepts in such a way, that we get swept into this division by zero without checking our consciences first.
I believe, however, that if we change the zeros in any of the “divisions by zero” that are running our lives, we will actually be able to solve the non-mathematical concept of this equation: the human concept.
>I believe deep down that we all have a heart, a conscience, a brain to think with, and, above all, an immense desire to learn and evolve. And thanks to all these positive things that we do have within, I also believe that we can use them to learn how to solve our “division by zero” mathematical impossibility at the human level. I am convinced that the key is open communication and an open heart. Nothing more, nothing less.
Are we scared of, or do we feel baffled by the way another person from another culture or country looks in comparison to us? Are we bothered by how people from other cultures dress, eat, talk, walk, worship, think, etc.? Is this fear or bafflement so big that we much rather reject people and all the richness they bring within?
How about if instead of rejecting or retreating from that person—division of our humanity by zero tolerance or zero acceptance—we decided to give them and us a chance?
How about changing that zero tolerance into zero intolerance? Why not dare ask questions about the other person’s culture and way of life? Let us have the courage to let our guard down for a moment and open up enough for this person to ask us questions about our culture and way of life. How about if we learned to accept that while a person from another culture is living and breathing in our own culture, it is totally impossible for him/her to completely abandon his/her cultural values in order to become what we want her to become?
Let’s be totally honest with ourselves at least: Would any of us really renounce who we are and where we come from just to become what somebody else asks us to become?
If we are not willing to lose our identity, why should we ask somebody else to lose theirs?
I believe with all my heart that if we practiced positive feelings—zero intolerance, zero non-acceptance, zero indifference, zero cruelty—every day, the premise that states that division by zero is impossible would continue being true, not only in mathematics, but also at the human level. We would not be divided anymore; we would simply be building a better world for all of us.
Hoping to have touched your soul in a meaningful way,
Adriana Adarve, Asheville, NC
…/our-humanity-and-division…/

5000年？？？？？

とても興味深く読みました：

10,000 Year Clock
by Renny Pritikin
Conversation with Paolo Salvagione, lead engineer on the 10,000-year clock project, via e-mail in February 2010.

For an introduction to what we’re talking about here’s a short excerpt from a piece by Michael Chabon, published in 2006 in Details: ….Have you heard of this thing? It is going to be a kind of gigantic mechanical computer, slow, simple and ingenious, marking the hour, the day, the year, the century, the millennium, and the precession of the equinoxes, with a huge orrery to keep track of the immense ticking of the six naked-eye planets on their great orbital mainspring. The Clock of the Long Now will stand sixty feet tall, cost tens of millions of dollars, and when completed its designers and supporters plan to hide it in a cave in the Great Basin National Park in Nevada, a day’s hard walking from anywhere. Oh, and it’s going to run for ten thousand years. But even if the Clock of the Long Now fails to last ten thousand years, even if it breaks down after half or a quarter or a tenth that span, this mad contraption will already have long since fulfilled its purpose. Indeed the Clock may have accomplished its greatest task before it is ever finished, perhaps without ever being built at all. The point of the Clock of the Long Now is not to measure out the passage, into their unknown future, of the race of creatures that built it. The point of the Clock is to revive and restore the whole idea of the Future, to get us thinking about the Future again, to the degree if not in quite the way same way that we used
to do, and to reintroduce the notion that we don’t just bequeath the future—though we do, whether we think about it or not. We also, in the very broadest sense of the first person plural pronoun, inherit it.

PS: I don’t know how I missed it, it’s gorgeous. Linking the speed that we can barely see with one that we rarely have the patience to wait for.

RP: : So you say you’ve opted for the clock’s time scale to be transparent. How will the clock communicate how fast it’s going?

再生核研究所声明 424(2018.3.29): 　レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチとゼロ除算

次のダ・ヴィンチの言葉を発見して、驚かされた：

ダ・ヴィンチの名言格言｜無こそ最も素晴らしい存在

我々の周りにある偉大なことの中でも、無の存在が最も素晴らしい。その基本は時間的には過去と未来の間にあり、現在の何ものをも所有しないというところにある。この無は、全体に等しい部分、部分に等しい全体を持つ。分割できないものと割り切ることができるし、割っても掛けても、足しても引いても、同じ量になるのだ。

レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチ。ルネッサンス期を代表する芸術家、画家、彫刻家、建築技師、設計士、兵器開発者、科学者、哲学者、解剖学者、動物学者、ファッションデザイナーその他広い分野で活躍し「万能の人（uomo universale：ウォモ・ウニヴェルサーレ）」と称えられる人物

そもそも西欧諸国が、アリストテレス以来、無や真空、ゼロを嫌い、ゼロの西欧諸国への導入は相当に遅れ、西欧へのアラビヤ数字の導入は　レオナルド・フィボナッチ（1179年頃～1250年頃）によるとされているから、その遅れの大きさに驚かされる：

フィボナッチはイタリアのピサの数学者です。正確には「レオナルド・フィリオ・ボナッチ」といいますが、これがなまって「フィボナッチ」と呼ばれるようになったとされています。
彼は少年時代に父親について現在のアルジェリアに渡り、そこでアラビア数字を学びました。当時の神�
�ローマ皇帝・フリードリヒ2世は科学と数学を重んじていて、フィボナッチは宮殿に呼ばれ皇帝にも謁見しました。後にはピサ共和国から表彰もされました。

ローマ数字では「I, II, III, X, XV」のように文字を並べて記すため大きな数を扱うのには不便でした。対してアラビア数字はローマ数字に比べてとても分かりやすく、効率的で便利だったのです。そこでフィボナッチはアラビア数字を「算術の書」という書物にまとめ、母国に紹介しました。アラビア数字では0から9までの数字と位取り記数法が使われていますが、計算に使うにはとても便利だったために、ヨーロッパで広く受け入れられることになりました。（

historicalmathematicians.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post.html　　02/03/2012 -）

ゼロや無に対する恐怖心、嫌疑観は現在でも欧米諸国の自然な心情と考えられる。ところが上記ダ・ヴィンチの言葉は　如何であろう。無について好ましいものとして真正面から捉えていることが分かる。ゼロ除算の研究をここ４年間して来て、驚嘆すべきこととして驚かされた。ゼロの意味、ゼロ除算の心を知っていたかのような言明である。

まず、上記で、無を、時間的に未来と過去の間に存在すると言っているので、無とはゼロのことであると解釈できる。ゼロとの捉え方は四則演算を考えているので、その解釈の適切性を述べている。足しても引いても変わらない。これはゼロの本質ではないか。さらに、凄いこと、掛けても割っても、ゼロと言っていると解釈でき、それはゼロ除算の最近の発見を意味している: 0/1 =1/0=0。－　ゼロ除算を感覚的に捉えていたと解釈できる。ところが更に、凄いことを述べている。

この無は、全体に等しい部分、部分に等しい全体を持つ。これはゼロ除算の著書DIVISION BY ZERO CALCULUS（原案）に真正面から書いている我々の得た、達したゼロに対する認識そのものである：

{\bf Fruitful world}\index{fruitful world}

\medskip

For example, in very and very general partial differential equations, if the coefficients or terms are zero, we have some simple differential equations and the extreme case is all the terms are zero; that is, we have trivial equations $0=0$; then its solution is zero. When we see the converse, we see that the zero world is a fruitful one and it means some vanishing world. Recall \index{Yamane phenomena}Yamane phenomena, the vanishing result is very simple zero, however, it is the result from some fruitful world. Sometimes, zero means void or nothing world, however, it will show some changes as in the Yamane phenomena.

\medskip

{\bf From $0$ to $0$; $0$ means all and all are $0$}

\medskip

As we see from our life figure, a story starts from the zero and ends to the zero. This will mean that $0$ means all and all are $0$, in a sense. The zero is a mother of all.

\medskip

その意味は深い。我々はゼロの意味をいろいろと捉え考え、ゼロとはさらに　基準を表すとか、不可能性を示すとか、無限遠点の反映であるとか、ゼロの2重性とかを述べている。ゼロと無限の関係をも述べている。ダ・ヴィンチの鋭い世界観に対する境地に驚嘆している。

以　上

LESS THAN HUMANのことなら商品保証しかも安い

What is relativity? Einstein’s mind-bending theory explained

How our ideas about space and time changed forever.

When the theory of relativity appeared in the early 1900s, it upended centuries of science and gave physicists a new understanding of space and time. Isaac Newton saw space and time as fixed, but in the new picture provided by they were fluid and malleable.

WHO CAME UP WITH THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY?

. He published the first part of his theory — special relativity — in the German physics journal Annalen der Physik in 1905 and completed his theory of general relativity only after another decade of difficult work. He presented the latter theory in a series of lectures in Berlin in late 1915 and published in the Annalen in 1916.

WHAT IS SPECIAL RELATIVITY?

The theory is based on two key concepts.

First, the natural world allows no “privileged” frames of reference. As long as an object is moving in a straight line at a constant speed (that is, with no acceleration), the laws of physics are the same for everyone. It’s a bit like when you look out a train window and see an adjacent train appear to move — but is itmoving, or are you? It can be hard to tell. Einstein recognized that if the motion is perfectly uniform, it’s literally impossible to tell — and identified this as a central principle of physics.
Second, light travels at an unvarying speed of 186,000 miles a second. No matter how fast an observer is moving or how fast a light-emitting object is moving, a measurement of the always yields the same result.

Starting from these two postulates, Einstein showed that space and time are intertwined in ways that scientists had never previously realized. Through a series of thought experiments, Einstein demonstrated that the consequences of special relativity are often counterintuitive — even startling.

A page of the original manuscripts of the theory of relativity developed by Albert Einstein on display at the Israeli National Academy of Science and Humanities in Jerusalem on March 7, 2010. Uri Lenz / EPA File

If you’re zooming along in a rocket and pass a friend in an identical but slower-moving rocket, for example, you’ll see that your friend’s watch is ticking along more slowly than yours (physicists call this “time dilation”).

What’s more, your friend’s rocket will appear shorter than your own. If your rocket speeds up, your mass and that of the rocket will increase. The faster you go, the heavier things become and the more your rocket will resist your efforts to make it go faster. Einstein showed that .

Another consequence of special relativity is that matter and energy are interchangeable via the famous equation (in which E stands for energy, m for mass, and c² the speed of light multiplied by itself). Because the speed of light is such a big number, even a tiny amount of mass is equivalent to — and can be converted into — a very large amount of energy. That’s why atomic and hydrogen bombs are so powerful.

WHAT IS GENERAL RELATIVITY?

Essentially, it’s a theory of gravity. The basic idea is that instead of being an invisible force that attracts objects to one another, . The more massive an object, the more it warps the space around it.

For example, the sun is massive enough to warp space across our solar system — a bit like the way a heavy ball resting on a rubber sheet warps the sheet. As a result, Earth and the other planets move in curved paths (orbits) around it.

This warping also affects measurements of time. We tend to think of time as ticking away at a steady rate. But just as gravity can stretch or warp space, it can also dilate time. If your friend climbs to the top of a mountain, you’ll see his clock ticking faster compared to yours; another friend, at the bottom of a valley, will have a slower-ticking clock, because of the difference in the strength of gravity at each place. Subsequent experiments proved that this indeed happens.

WHAT DOES RELATIVITY LOOK LIKE ‘UNDER THE HOOD?’

Special relativity is ultimately a set of equations that relate the way things look in one frame of reference to how they look in another — the stretching of time and space, and the increase in mass. The equations involve nothing more complicated than high-school math.

General relativity is more complicated. Its “field equations” describe the relationship between mass and the curvature of space and dilation of time, and are typically taught in graduate-level university physics courses.

TESTS OF SPECIAL AND GENERAL RELATIVITY

Over the last century, many experiments have confirmed the validity of both special and general relativity. In the first major test of general relativity, astronomers in 1919 measured the as the starlight passed by our sun, proving that gravity does, in fact, distort or curve space.

In 1971, scientists tested both parts of Einstein’s theory by placing precisely . A check of the timepieces after the planes landed showed that the clocks aboard the airliners were running a tiny bit slower than (less than one millionth of a second) than the clocks on the ground.

The disparity resulted from the speed of the planes (a special relativity effect) and their greater distance from the center of Earth’s gravitational field (a general relativity effect).

In 2016, the — subtle ripples in the fabric of spacetime — was another confirmation of general relativity.

RELATIVITY IN PRACTICE

While the ideas behind relativity seem esoteric, the theory has had a huge impact on the modern world.

Nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons, for example, would be impossible without the knowledge that matter can be transformed into energy. And our GPS (global positioning system) satellite network needs to account for the subtle effects of both special and general relativity; if they didn’t, they’d give results that were off by several miles.

ゼロ除算の発見と重要性を指摘した：日本、再生核研究所

2017年11月15日(水)
テーマ：

Just as one can easily “prove” that 1 = 2 if one does
algebra on this set of numbers as if one can divide by zero legitimately3.34, so in logic one gets into trouble if one assumes that the set of all things that are in no set including the empty set is a set within the algebra, if one tries to form the set of all sets that do not include themselves, if one asserts a Universal Set of Men exists containing a set of men wherein a male barber shaves all men that do not shave themselves3.35.

An Early Reference to Division by Zero C. B. Boyer

OUR HUMANITY AND DIVISION BY ZERO

Lea esta bitácora en español
There is a mathematical concept that says that division by zero has no meaning, or is an undefined expression, because it is impossible to have a real number that could be multiplied by zero in order to obtain another number different from zero.
While this mathematical concept has been held as true for centuries, when it comes to the human level the present situation in global societies has, for a very long time, been contradicting it. It is true that we don’t all live in a mathematical world or with mathematical concepts in our heads all the time. However, we cannot deny that societies around the globe are trying to disprove this simple mathematical concept: that division by zero is an impossible equation to solve.
Yes! We are all being divided by zero tolerance, zero acceptance, zero love, zero compassion, zero willingness to learn more about the other and to find intelligent and fulfilling ways to adapt to new ideas, concepts, ways of doing things, people and cultures. We are allowing these ‘zero denominators’ to run our equations, our lives, our souls.
Each and every single day we get more divided and distanced from other people who are different from us. We let misinformation and biased concepts divide us, and we buy into these aberrant concepts in such a way, that we get swept into this division by zero without checking our consciences first.
I believe, however, that if we change the zeros in any of the “divisions by zero” that are running our lives, we will actually be able to solve the non-mathematical concept of this equation: the human concept.
>I believe deep down that we all have a heart, a conscience, a brain to think with, and, above all, an immense desire to learn and evolve. And thanks to all these positive things that we do have within, I also believe that we can use them to learn how to solve our “division by zero” mathematical impossibility at the human level. I am convinced that the key is open communication and an open heart. Nothing more, nothing less.
Are we scared of, or do we feel baffled by the way another person from another culture or country looks in comparison to us? Are we bothered by how people from other cultures dress, eat, talk, walk, worship, think, etc.? Is this fear or bafflement so big that we much rather reject people and all the richness they bring within?
How about if instead of rejecting or retreating from that person—division of our humanity by zero tolerance or zero acceptance—we decided to give them and us a chance?
How about changing that zero tolerance into zero intolerance? Why not dare ask questions about the other person’s culture and way of life? Let us have the courage to let our guard down for a moment and open up enough for this person to ask us questions about our culture and way of life. How about if we learned to accept that while a person from another culture is living and breathing in our own culture, it is totally impossible for him/her to completely abandon his/her cultural values in order to become what we want her to become?
Let’s be totally honest
with ourselves at least: Would any of us really renounce who we are and where we come from just to become what somebody else asks us to become?
If we are not willing to lose our identity, why should we ask somebody else to lose theirs?
I believe with all my heart that if we practiced positive feelings—zero intolerance, zero non-acceptance, zero indifference, zero cruelty—every day, the premise that states that division by zero is impossible would continue being true, not only in mathematics, but also at the human level. We would not be divided anymore; we would simply be building a better world for all of us.
Hoping to have touched your soul in a meaningful way,
Adriana Adarve, Asheville, NC
…/our-humanity-and-division…/

5000年？？？？？

とても興味深く読みました：

10,000 Year Clock
by Renny Pritikin
Conversation with Paolo Salvagione, lead engineer on the 10,000-year clock project, via e-mail in February 2010.

For an introduction to what we’re talking about here’s a short excerpt from a piece by Michael Chabon, published in 2006 in Details: ….Have you heard of this thing? It is going to be a kind of gigantic mechanical computer, slow, simple and ingenious, marking the hour, the day, the year, the century, the millennium, and the precession of the equinoxes, with a huge orrery to keep track of the immense ticking of the six naked-eye planets on their great orbital mainspring. The Clock of the Long Now will stand sixty feet tall, cost tens of millions of dollars, and when completed its designers and supporters plan to hide it in a cave in the Great Basin National Park in Nevada, a day’s hard walking from anywhere. Oh, and it’s going to run for ten thousand years. But even if the Clock of the Long Now fails to last ten thousand years, even if it breaks down after half or a quarter or a tenth that span, this mad contraption will already have long since fulfilled its purpose. Indeed the Clock may have accomplished its greatest task before it is ever finished, perhaps without ever being built at all. The point of the Clock of the Long Now is not to measure out the passage, into their unknown future, of the race of creatures that built it. The point of the Clock is to revive and restore the whole idea of the Future, to get us thinking about the Future again, to the degree if not in quite the way same way that we used to do, and to reintroduce the notion that we don’t just bequeath the future—though we do, whether we think about it or not. We also, in the very broadest sense of the first person plural pronoun, inherit it.

PS: Recently a climatologist pointed out that our equation of time cam, (photo by Rolfe Horn) (a cam is a type of gear: link) a device that tracks the difference between solar noon and mundane noon as well as the precession of the equinoxes, did not account for the redistribution of water away from the earth’s poles. The equation-of-time cam is arguably one of the most aesthetically pleasing parts of the clock. It also happens to be one that is fairly easy to explain. It visually demonstrates two extremes.
If you slice it, like a loaf of bread, into 10,000 slices each slice would represent a year. The outside edge of the slice, let’s call it the crust, represents any point in that year, 365 points, 365 days. You could, given the right amount of magnification, divide it into hours, minutes, even seconds. Stepping back and looking at the unsliced cam the bottom is the year 2000 and the top is the year 12000. The twist that you see is the precession of the equinoxes. Now here’s the fun part, there’s a slight taper to the twist, that’s the slowing of the earth on its axis. As the ice at the poles melts we have a redistribution of water, we’re all becoming part of the “slow earth” movement.

PS: I don’t know how I missed it, it’s gorgeous. Linking the speed that we can barely see with one that we rarely have the patience to wait for.

RP: : So you say you’ve opted for the clock’s time scale to be transparent. How will the clock communicate how fast it’s going?

ダ・ヴィンチの名言 格言｜無こそ最も素晴らしい存在

ゼロ除算の発見はどうでしょうか：
Black holes are where God divided by zero：

再生核研究所声明371（2017.6.27）ゼロ除算の講演―　国際会議　

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

1/0=0、0/0=0、z/0=0

ソクラテス・プラトン・アリストテレス　その他

再生核研究所声明 411(2018.02.02): 　ゼロ除算発見4周年を迎えて

再生核研究所声明 424(2018.3.29): 　レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチとゼロ除算

LESS THAN HUMAN 新しい世界を創る。

8/10金曜日は図書館で教科書を見に行きました。

日本語の教科書の内容はほとんど大腸肛門学会のガイドライン（肛門疾患診療ガイドライン2014-2刷）で網羅されています。

英文では、Corman　５ｔｈ（2005）とKeighley　３ｒｄ（2008）がありましたが、古すぎてだめです。

諦めて、帰宅しました。

そこで、今日はガイドラインを作った経験を活かし、検索して、地道に最新の総説を読むことにしました。Pubmedの検索式は、hemorrhoid　ｘ　5年　ｘ　review　ｘ　human　です。

66文献がhitしました。タイトルをみて、以下の19に絞りました。（変なところで改行が入ってすみません）

まず、15番目のNew　England J Medicine　2014年371巻944-951ページ　テキサス大学ガルベストン病院のJacob先生の総説です。雑誌の有名度で選びました。次号で内容をご紹介します。

1. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jul;97(29):e11502. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011502.

Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization versus stapled hemorrhoidectomy in the
treatment of hemorrhoids: A PRISMA-compliant updated meta-analysis of randomized
control trials.

Song Y(1)(2), Chen H(3), Yang F(1), Zeng Y(1), He Y(1), Huang H(2).

Author information:
(1)Department of Colonproctology Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital.
(2)Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Research in
Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medical, Changsha, Hunan Province,
P.R. China.
(3)Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun
Yat-sen University.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of
transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) and stapled hemorrhoidectomy (SH)
in the treatment of hemorrhoids by a meta-analysis.
METHODS: Randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing SH with THD were searched for
in databases, including MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and the Cochrane
Library database. Data were independently extracted from each study, and a
meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2 software.
RESULTS: Eight RCTs, including 977 patients, were included in this meta-analysis.
No statistically significant differences were noted between THD and SH in terms
of total complications (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.69, 1.25), but a significant
differences were noted in terms of bleeding (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.10, 3.10). The
total recurrence rate was higher in THD than in SH on short-term follow-up;
however, the recurrence rate was equal in both the THD and SH groups on long-term
follow-up. The present study showed that no significant difference between SH and
THD in terms of postoperative pain (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, -0.43, 1.29), operative
time (OR, -3.12; 95% CI, -7.01, 0.77), hospital time (OR, -0.00; 95% CI, -0.21,
0.20), time before returning to work (OR,-0.50; 95%CI, -4.42,3.43), and
reoperation rate (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 0.93, 3.54).
CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis indicated that THD and SH are equally effective
techniques for the treatment of hemorrhoids. However, future studies addressing
cost-effectiveness, satisfaction rate, and recurrence rate over a long follow-up
period are needed to validate these results.

DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011502
PMID: 30024532 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

2. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2017 Dec;20(4):258-262. doi: 10.1053/j.tvir.2017.10.005.
Epub 2017 Oct 9.

Management of Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Speir EJ(1), Ermentrout RM(2), Martin JG(2).

Author information:
(1)Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA. Electronic address:

(2)Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB), defined as hemorrhage into the
gastrointestinal tract distal to the ligament of Treitz, is a major cause of
morbidity and mortality among adults. Overall, mortality rates are estimated
between 2.4% and 3.9%. The most common etiology for LGIB is diverticulosis,
implicated in approximately 30% of cases, with other causes including
hemorrhoids, ischemic colitis, and postpolypectomy bleeding. Transcatheter
visceral angiography has begun to play an increasingly important role in both the
diagnosis and treatment of LGIB. Historically, transcatheter visceral angiography
has been used to direct vasopressin infusion with embolization reserved for
treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, advances in microcatheter
technology and embolotherapy have enabled super-selective embolization to emerge
as the treatment of choice for many cases of LGIB.

DOI: 10.1053/j.tvir.2017.10.005
PMID: 29224658 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

3. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017 Jul;19(7):30. doi: 10.1007/s11894-017-0574-9.

The Evaluation and Office Management of Hemorrhoids for the Gastroenterologist.

Guttenplan M(1).

Author information:
(1), 227 Bellevue Way NE, #188, Bellevue, WA, 98004, USA.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hemorrhoid disease is extremely common, and seldom requires
surgical intervention. The vast majority of patients can be cared for in the
office setting and by the gastroenterologist. This piece aims to summarize the
epidemiology and pathophysiology of hemorrhoid disease, along with the proper
evaluation and office-based treatment of these patients.
RECENT FINDINGS: Most GI fellowship training programs spend little time on these
topics, and the recommendation has been made to include anorectal care in the
GI’s “core curriculum.” The use of the anoscope and a proper anorectal
examination are keys to evaluating these patients, and the techniques available
to treat these patients are described. Often overlooked in these patients are
other anorectal issues that occur alongside hemorrhoidal issues very commonly-the
most common being anal fissure. Comprehensive management of all of these issues
will allow all but the most severely affected patients to avoid the expense and
morbidity of surgical intervention. The anatomy, etiology, pathophysiology,
diagnosis, and non-surgical treatment of hemorrhoid disease are presented with
the gastroenterologist in mind.

DOI: 10.1007/s11894-017-0574-9
PMID: 28567655 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

4. Br J Surg. 2015 Dec;102(13):1603-18. doi: 10.1002/bjs.9913. Epub 2015 Sep 30.

Systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing clinical outcomes and
effectiveness of surgical treatments for haemorrhoids.

Simillis C(1), Thoukididou SN(1), Slesser AA(1), Rasheed S(1), Tan E(1), Tekkis
PP(1).

Author information:
(1)Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London
SW3 6JJ, UK.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to compare the clinical outcomes and effectiveness of
surgical treatments for haemorrhoids.
METHODS: Randomized clinical trials were identified by means of a systematic
review. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using the Markov chain
Monte Carlo method in WinBUGS.
RESULTS: Ninety-eight trials were included with 7827 participants and 11 surgical
treatments for grade III and IV haemorrhoids. Open, closed and radiofrequency
haemorrhoidectomies resulted in significantly more postoperative complications
than transanal haemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD), LigaSure™ and Harmonic®
haemorrhoidectomies. THD had significantl
y less postoperative bleeding than open
and stapled procedures, and resulted in significantly fewer emergency
reoperations than open, closed, stapled and LigaSure™ haemorrhoidectomies. Open
and closed haemorrhoidectomies resulted in more pain on postoperative day 1 than
stapled, THD, LigaSure™ and Harmonic® procedures. After stapled, LigaSure™ and
Harmonic® haemorrhoidectomies patients resumed normal daily activities earlier
than after open and closed procedures. THD provided the earliest time to first
bowel movement. The stapled and THD groups had significantly higher haemorrhoid
recurrence rates than the open, closed and LigaSure™ groups. Recurrence of
haemorrhoidal symptoms was more common after stapled haemorrhoidectomy than after
open and LigaSure™ operations. No significant difference was identified between
treatments for anal stenosis, incontinence and perianal skin tags.
CONCLUSION: Open and closed haemorrhoidectomies resulted in more postoperative
complications and slower recovery, but fewer haemorrhoid recurrences. THD and
stapled haemorrhoidectomies were associated with decreased postoperative pain and
faster recovery, but higher recurrence rates. The advantages and disadvantages of
each surgical treatment should be discussed with the patient before surgery to
allow an informed decision to be made.

DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9913
PMID: 26420725 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

5. Tech Coloproctol. 2015 Oct;19(10):567-75. doi: 10.1007/s10151-015-1371-9. Epub
2015 Sep 24.

Evaluation and management of hemorrhoids: Italian society of colorectal surgery
(SICCR) consensus statement.

Trompetto M(1), Clerico G(2), Cocorullo GF(3), Giordano P(4), Marino F(5),
Martellucci J(6), Milito G(7), Mistrangelo M(8), Ratto C(9).

Author information:
(1)Department of Colorectal Surgery, S. Rita Clinic, Vercelli, Italy.

(2)Department of Colorectal Surgery, S. Rita Clinic, Vercelli, Italy.
(3)Unit of Emergency and General Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncological and
Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
(4)Department of Colorectal Surgery, Barts Health, London, UK.
(5)Department of General Surgery, “A. Perrino” Hospital, Brindisi, Italy.
(6)General, Emergency and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Careggi University
Hospital, Florence, Italy.
(7)Department of General Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
(8)Department of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Turin,
Turin, Italy.
(9)Proctology Unit, University Hospital “A Gemelli”, Catholic University, Rome,
Italy.

Erratum in
Tech Coloproctol. 2016 Mar;20(3):201.

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common medical and surgical diseases and the main
reason for a visit to a coloproctologist. This consensus statement was drawn up
by the Italian society of colorectal surgery in order to provide practice
parameters for an accurate assessment of the disease and consequent appropriate
treatment. The authors made a careful search in the main databases (MEDLINE,
PubMed, Embase and Cochrane), and all results were classified on the basis of the
grade of recommendation (A-C) of the American College of Chest Physicians.

DOI: 10.1007/s10151-015-1371-9
PMID: 26403234 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

6. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Aug 21;21(31):9245-52. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245.

Treatment of hemorrhoids: A coloproctologist’s view.

Lohsiriwat V(1).

Author information:
(1)Varut Lohsiriwat, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery,
Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700,
Thailand.

Hemorrhoids is recognized as one of the most common medical conditions in general
population. It is clinically characterized by painless rectal bleeding during
defecation with or without prolapsing anal tissue. Generally, hemorrhoids can be
divided into two types: internal hemorrhoid and external hemorrhoid. External
hemorrhoid usually requires no specific treatment unless it becomes acutely
thrombosed or causes patients discomfort. Meanwhile, low-graded internal
hemorrhoids can be effectively treated with medication and non-operative measures
(such as rubber band ligation and injection sclerotherapy). Surgery is indicated
for high-graded internal hemorrhoids, or when non-operative approaches have
failed, or complications have occurred. Although excisional hemorrhoidectomy
remains the mainstay operation for advanced hemorrhoids and complicated
hemorrhoids, several minimally invasive operations (including Ligasure
hemorrhoidectomy, doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation and stapled
hemorrhoidopexy) have been introduced into surgical practices in order to avoid
post-hemorrhiodectomy pain. This article deals with some fundamental knowledge
and current treatment of hemorrhoids in a view of a coloproctologist – which
includes the management of hemorrhoids in complicated situations such as
hemorrhoids in pregnancy, hemorrhoids in immunocompromised patients, hemorrhoids
in patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension, hemorrhoids in patients having
antithrombotic agents, and acutely thrombosed or strangulated hemorrhoids. Future
perspectives in the treatment of hemorrhoids are also discussed.

DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i31.9245
PMCID: PMC4541377
PMID: 26309351 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

7. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2015 Apr;30(4):437-45. doi: 10.1007/s00384-014-2073-x. Epub
2014 Nov 28.

Ambulatory haemorrhoidal surgery: systematic literature review and qualitative
analysis.

Vinson-Bonnet B(1), Higuero T, Faucheron JL, Senejoux A, Pigot F, Siproudhis L.

Author information:
(1)Department of Visceral and Ambulatory Surgery, Centre Hospitalier
Intercommunal de Poissy Saint Germain en Laye, 10 rue du champ Gaillard, BP
73082, 78303, Poissy cedex, France,

PURPOSE: The aims of this study are to review the advantages and drawbacks of the
ambulatory management of patients scheduled for haemorrhoidal surgery and to
highlight the reasons for unplanned hospital admission and suggest preventive
strategies.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the literature from January 1999 to
January 2013 using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Manuscripts were specifically
analysed for failure and side effects of haemorrhoidal surgery in ambulatory
settings.
RESULTS: Fifty relevant studies (6082 patients) were retrieved from the
literature review. The rate of ambulatory management failure ranged between 0 and
61%. The main reasons for failure were urinary retention, postoperative
haemorrhage and unsatisfactory pain control. Spinal anaesthesia was associated
with the highest rates of urinary retention. Doppler-guided haemorrhoidal artery
ligation has less frequent side effects susceptible to impair ambulatory
management than haemorrhoidectomy and stapled haemorrhoidopexy. However, the fact
that haemorrhoidopexy is less painful than haemorrhoidectomy may allow ambulatory
management.
CONCLUSION: Day-case haemorrhoidal surgery can be performed whatever the surgical
procedure. Postoperative pain deserves special prevention measures after
haemorrhoidectomy, especially by using perineal block or infiltrations. Urinary
retention is a common issue that can be responsible for failure; it requires a
preventive strategy including short duration spinal anaesthesia. Doppler-guided
haemorrhoidal artery ligation is easy to perform in outpatients but deserves more
complete evaluation in this setting.

DOI: 10.1007/s00384-014-2073-x
PMID: 25427629 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

8. J Visc Surg. 2015 Apr;152(2 Suppl):S3-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2014.09.012.
Epub 2014 Oct 11.

Classical treatment of hemorrhoids.

Moult HP(1), Aubert M(2), De Parades V(2).

Author information:
(1)Institut de proctologie Léopold-Bellan, hôpital Saint-Joseph, 185, rue
Raymond-Losserand, 75014 Paris, France. Electronic address:
(2)Institut de proctologie Léopold-Bellan, hôpital Saint-Joseph, 185, rue
Raymond-Losserand, 75014 Paris, France.

Radical and definitive surgical treatment is indicated in approximately one out
of ten patients with hemorrhoidal disease. The Milligan and Morgan
hemorrhoidectomy technique is the most widely performed in France: the technique
is well-codified and results are satisfactory and durable if the indications and
the post-operative follow-up are appropriately respected. Post-operative pain can
be adequately controlled.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2014.09.012
PMID: 25311960 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

9. J Visc Surg. 2015 Apr;152(2 Suppl):S15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2014.08.003.
Epub 2014 Sep 26.

Doppler-guided ligation of hemorrhoidal arteries with mucopexy: A technique for
the future.

Ratto C(1), de Parades V(2).

Author information:
(1)Proctology Unit, Catholic University, 8, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Electronic address:
(2)Service de Proctologie Médico-Chirurgicale, Groupe hospitalier Paris
Saint-Joseph, Institut Léopold-Bellan, 185, rue Raymond-Losserand, 75014 Paris,
France.

PURPOSE: The transanal hemorrhoidal de-arterialization (THD) procedure is an
effective treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. The ligation of hemorrhoidal
arteries (“de-arterialization”) can provide a significant reduction of arterial
blood flow to the hemorrhoidal tissues. Plication of redundant rectal
mucosa/submucosa (“mucopexy”) can reposition prolapsing tissue to its original
anatomical site. In this paper the surgical technique using a specific device
(THD(®) Doppler) and peri-operative patient management are illustrated.
METHODS: After appropriate clinical assessment, patients undergo the THD
procedure under general or spinal anesthesia, in either the dorsal lithotomy or
prone jackknife position. A specifically designed device is used. In all
patients, THD is performed, consisting of selective ligation of hemorrhoidal
arteries identified by Doppler and marked with a mucosal stitch overlying the
artery. In patients with hemorrhoidal or mucosal prolapse, a mucopexy is also
performed using continuous suture(s) that include the redundant prolapsing mucosa
and submucosa.
RESULTS: In long-term follow-up, THD results in resolution of symptoms in the
majority of patients. The most common complication is transient but
sometimes-painful tenesmus. Rectal bleeding occurs in only a very limited number
of patients. There is little or no risk of fecal incontinence or chronic pain.
Ano-rectal manometry and endo-anal ultrasound show no evidence of injury to
physiologic sphincteric function.
CONCLUSIONS: THD is a safe procedure and is, at present, one of the most
effective treatments of hemorrhoidal disease.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2014.08.003
PMID: 25262549 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

10. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2015 Apr;25(2):106-10. doi:
10.1097/SLE.0000000000000136.

Ligasure versus Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of hemorrhoids: a
meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Xu L(1), Chen H, Lin G, Ge Q.

Author information:
(1)*Department of Anorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang
Chinese Medical University, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
†Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun
Yat-Sen University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.

AIM: To compare outcomes of Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy (LH) versus Ferguson
hemorrhoidectomy (FH) by a meta-analysis of available randomized controlled
trials.
METHODS: Original studies in any language were searched from MEDLINE database,
PubMed, Web of science and the Cochrane Library database, and Wangfang database.
Randomizes control trials that compared LH with FH were identified. Data were
extracted independently for each study and a meta-analysis was performed using
fixed-effects and random-effects models.
RESULTS: Five trials including 318 patients met the inclusion criteria. The
urinary retention rate and early postoperative pain scores were higher in
patients undergoing FH. Patients treated with Ligasure had a significantly
shorter operative time and hospital stay than the patients submitted to Ferguson
techniques. The blood loss during operation was less in Ligasure group than
Ferguson group. No statistically significant differences were noted in
postoperative bleeding, difficult defacating, anal fissure, anal stenosis, and
incontinence.
CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis shows that LH is superior to FH in the short-term
outcomes. Future studies addressing long-term outcomes are needed to prove these
results.

DOI: 10.1097/SLE.0000000000000136
PMID: 25738704 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

11. Khirurgiia (Sofiia). 2015;81(1):38-56.

HEMORRHOIDAL DISEASE – CONTEMPORARY ASPECTS OF THE PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL COURSE,
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT.

[Article in Bulgarian, English]

Kandilarov N, Dimitrova V.

The hemorrhoidal disease affects mainly individuals in their active age, as the
reported incidence is much lower than the actual number, due to the nature of the
complaints and the “subjective feeling of discomfort” when contacting a
healthcare professional. Although in a large part of the cases the disease is
successfully treated by non-surgical methods, the persisting symptoms greatly
lower patients’ quality of life, and the development of complications is related
to a high morbidity rate. The defining, diagnosis and determining of the stages
of the disease do not pose any difficulties to the modern medical practice, which
– however – is not the case with the selection of the optimal and most efficient
treatment method. There are a great number of treatment procedures, including
surgical, for the treatment of the hemorrhoidal disease. Although there are
certain recommended schemes and algorithms for therapeutic behavior, the
selection of the method, ensuring individualized and optimal therapy, depends on
the judgment of the surgeon.

PMID: 26506639 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

12. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Dec 7;20(45):16976-83. doi:
10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.16976.

Hemorrhoidectomy – making sense of the surgical options.

Yeo D(1), Tan KY(1).

Author information:
(1)Danson Yeo, Kok-Yang Tan, Department of Surgery, Alexandra Health, Khoo Teck
Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828, Singapore.

While debate continues as to which is the best surgical method for the treatment
of hemorrhoids, none of the currently available surgical methods approach the
ideal surgical option, which is one that is effective while being safe and
painless. In reality, the less painful the procedure, the more likely it is to be
associated with recurrence post-op. Where hemorrhoids surgery is concerned, there
isn’t a “one size fits all” option. Most of the randomized controlled trials
performed to date include hemorrhoids of various grades and with a focus on only
comparing surgical methods while failing to stratify the outcomes according to
the grade of hemorrhoid. We believe that surgery needs to be tailored not only to
the grade of the hemorrhoids, but also to the size, circumferential nature of the
disease, and prevailing symptomatology.

DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.16976&nb
sp;
PMCID: PMC4258566
PMID: 25493010 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

13. Tech Coloproctol. 2014 Nov;18(11):1017-22. doi: 10.1007/s10151-014-1170-8. Epub
2014 Jun 7.

Comparison of transanal haemorrhoidal dearterialisation and stapled
haemorrhoidopexy in management of haemorrhoidal disease: a retrospective study
and literature review.

Tsang YP(1), Fok KL, Cheung YS, Li KW, Tang CN.

Author information:
(1)Department of Surgery, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hongkong,
SAR, China,

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare transanal
haemorrhoidal dearterialisation (THD) and stapled haemorrhoidopexy [also called
procedure for prolapsed haemorrhoids (PPH)] in the management of haemorrhoidal
disease, in terms of short-term outcomes and efficacy.
METHODS: Patients presenting with symptomatic haemorrhoids were treated with THD.
Patient demographics, pre-operative data, post-operative pain scores,
complications, recurrence, and patient satisfaction scores were evaluated and
recorded. Patients with acute thrombosed haemorrhoids, external haemorrhoids
only, or other concomitant anal diseases were excluded. These data were compared
with the historical data of PPH.
RESULTS: Forty consecutive patients underwent THD from February 2012 to July 2013
and were compared to 37 patients who underwent PPH taken from a medical records
database. There were no significant differences in terms of demographic data,
type of anaesthesia, operative time, and blood loss. Length of hospital stay,
time to first post-operative bowel movement, and complications were similar
between the two groups. The median pain score after THD and PPH was 1.71 and
5.00, respectively, on a scale of 0-10 (10 = worst possible pain) (p = 0.000).
There was a significant improvement in bleeding and prolapse scores after THD.
THD patients had an earlier return to normal daily activities (3.13 vs. 6.78
days, p = 0.001) when compared with the PPH group. Upon follow-up, patients in
both groups had similar satisfaction scores, and complication and recurrence
rates.
CONCLUSIONS: Both THD and PPH appear to be safe procedures for haemorrhoidal
disease, and they appear to have similar short-term outcomes. In particular, THD
seems to be associated with a lower pain score than PPH, an earlier return to
normal daily activities, and similar rates of complication and recurrence.

DOI: 10.1007/s10151-014-1170-8
PMID: 24906978 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

14. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2014 Oct;96(7):508-11. doi:
10.1308/003588414X13946184900967.

The acute management of haemorrhoids.

Hardy A(1), Cohen CR.

Author information:
(1)Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board, UK.

INTRODUCTION: Although the acute thrombosis and strangulation of haemorrhoids is
a common condition, there is no consensus as to its most effective treatment.
METHODS: A PubMed search was undertaken for papers describing the aetiology and
treatment of the acute complications of haemorrhoids.
RESULTS: The anatomy and treatments for strangulated internal haemorrhoids and
thrombosed perianal varices are discussed. Studies of the effectiveness and
complications of conservative and operative treatments are reviewed.
CONCLUSIONS: Ambiguities exist in the terminology used to describe the two
separate pathologies that make up the acute complications of haemorrhoids. These
complications have traditionally been treated conservatively. There is evidence
that early operative intervention for strangulated internal haemorrhoids is safe
and effective. A suggested algorithm for treatment is given, based on the
published literature.

DOI: 10.1308/003588414X13946184900967
PMCID: PMC4473435
PMID: 25245728 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

15. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 4;371(10):944-51. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1204188.

Clinical practice. Hemorrhoids.

Jacobs D.

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp1204188
PMID: 25184866 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

16. Curr Probl Surg. 2014 Mar;51(3):98-137. doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2013.11.002. Epub
2013 Nov 25.

Hemorrhoids and fistulas: new solutions to old problems.

Rakinic J, Poola VP.

Symptoms thought related to hemorrhoids must be carefully considered before
intervention. The first line of therapy for any hemorrhoidal complaint remains
conservative management with increased fluid and fiber intake and appropriate
modification of toileting behavior. Bleeding in grades 1 and 2 hemorrhoids that
does not respond to this can be satisfactorily and safely managed with
office-based therapies; some grade 3 hemorrhoids would also respond to this,
though more treatment sessions would likely be required. Operative therapy is the
best choice for management of persistently symptomatic grade 2 disease and for
grades 3 and 4 symptomatic hemorrhoids as well. With proper patient selection and
preparation, along with a familiarity with instrumentation and techniques, good
results can be obtained with newer operative interventions for internal
hemorrhoids. Outcomes must always be compared with those obtained with classic
excisional hemorrhoidectomy.

DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2013.11.002
PMID: 24606821 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

17. Clin Geriatr Med. 2014 Feb;30(1):95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2013.10.003.

Anorectal physiology and pathophysiology in the elderly.

Yu SW(1), Rao SS.

Author information:
(1)Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Georgia,
Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

Anorectal medical disorders facing the elderly include fecal incontinence, fecal
impaction with overflow fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, dyssynergic
defecation, hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and pelvic floor disorders. This article
discusses the latest advances in age-related changes in morphology and function
of anal sphincter, changes in cellular and molecular biology, alterations in
neurotransmitters and reflexes, and their impact on functional changes of the
anorectum in the elderly. These biophysiologic changes have implications for the
pathophysiology of anorectal disorders. A clear understanding and working
knowledge of the functional anatomy and pathophysiology will enable appropriate
diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2013.10.003
PMCID: PMC3910254
PMID: 24267605 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

18. Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2014 Jan-Mar;27(1):66-70.

Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids: a critical appraisal of the current options.

Cerato MM(1), Cerato NL(2), Passos P(1), Treigue A(1), Damin DC(2).

Author information:
(1)Ernesto Dornelles Hospital, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
(2)Department of Surgery, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre,
RS, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids is still a dilemma. New
techniques have been developed leading to a lower rate of postoperative pain;
however, they are associated with a greater likelihood of recurrence.
AIM: To review current indications as well as the results and complications of
the main techniques currently used in the surgical treatment of hemorrhoidal
disease.
METHODS: A systematic search of the published data on the options for treatment
of hemorrhoids up to December 2012 was conducted using Medline/PubMed, Cochrane,
and UpToDate.
RESULTS: Currently available surgical treatment options include procedure for
prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH), transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD),
and conventional hemorrhoidectomy techniques. Excisional techniques showed
similar results regarding pain, time to return to normal activities, an
d
complication rates. PPH and THD were associated with less postoperative pain and
lower complication rates; however, both had higher postoperative recurrence
rates.
CONCLUSION: Conventional surgical techniques yield better long-term results.
Despite good results in the immediate postoperative period, PPH and THD have not
shown consistent long-term favorable results.

PMCID: PMC4675486
PMID: 24676303 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

19. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2013 Dec;42(4):759-72. doi:
10.1016/j.gtc.2013.09.001. Epub 2013 Oct 23.

Modern management of hemorrhoidal disease.

Hall JF(1).

Author information:
(1)Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Lahey Clinic, 41 Mall Road,
Burlington, MA 01805, USA; Department of Surgery, Tufts University School of
Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA. Electronic address:

Complaints secondary to hemorrhoidal disease have been treated by health care
providers for centuries. Most symptoms referable to hemorrhoidal disease can be
managed nonoperatively. When symptoms do not respond to medical therapy,
procedural intervention is recommended. Surgical hemorrhoidectomy is usually
reserved for patients who are refractory to or unable to tolerate office
procedures. This article reviews the pathophysiology of hemorrhoidal disease and
the most commonly used techniques for the nonoperative and operative palliation
of hemorrhoidal complaints.

DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.09.001
PMID: 24280398 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

LESS THAN HUMAN ふれあい信頼地元とともに

MESSAGES FROM ARCHANGEL MICHAEL

TRANSMITTED THROUGH RONNA

大天使ミカエルからのメッセージ

ロナを通して通信/神聖なる筆記

ARE YOU READY?

準備はいい？

Beloved masters, it has been some time since we discussed the Cities of Light in the higher realms and the wondrous gift that has been made available to humanity. We have observed that many of you, as part of your earthly mission, are actively involved in anchoring the Creator Light (Adamantine Particles) within yourselves, into the crystalline grid of the Earth, and then radiating the remainder out into the world at large.

親愛なるマスター達へ、高次元の光の都市と、人類が入手できるようになったそのすばらしい贈り物を議論して以来、時が経ちました。あなた方は地上での使命の役割として、創造主の光（アダマンタイン粒子）を自分の中に取り込み、それを地球のクリスタル･グリッドの中に定着させ、残りのアダマンタイン粒子は世界に放射するということに積極的に関わってきたことを私達は観てきました。

However, even though discontent, fear and anger abound, the human majority is still not ready to accept the fact that great changes in every area of life on Earth are in the making and that time is of the essence. The masses are still in denial and resistant to change, and most are incapable of absorbing what they feel are far-fetched, radical teachings of the coming age of en-Lighten-ment.

しかしながら、不満、恐怖、怒りが山積みであるにも関わらず、大多数の人類は未だ人生のそれぞれの部分に大きな変化が起きており、今が最も重要な時であることを受け入れる準備ができていません。メッセージは今だ否定され、変化に対し抵抗状態です。大部分の人はありそうもないとか、来るべき光の時代の急進的な教えと感じ、それらを吸収できないでいます。

We have told you over and over again that you are the transducers, the receptacles, the human vessels into and through which the rarified frequencies of the future must flow in order to be anchored on Earth and made available to all earthly creations. That is why it is so important for you to balance and harmonize your personal frequency patterns and to “return to center,” in order to accommodate the greatest amount of the crystalline Creator Fire of Life/Love.

私達はあなた方に何度も何度も言ってきました。あなた方は地球に定着させ地上のすべての創造物に提供するため、未来の希薄な周波数を取り込み通過させる、変換機であり、受容器であり、人間の乗り物であると。それ故、あなた方の個人的な周波数パターンをバランスさせ、調和させ、センターに戻すことは、愛と光のクリスタルの創造主の火を最大限に取り込むために、非常に重要なのです。

If you will remember, some time ago, we explained how, as the Earth was formed and made ready for human inhabitation, there were gigantic crystalline spires of Living Light implanted deep within the Earth that also extended high into the skies above ground. These sentient spires, which surrounded the world, were the receivers and senders of the sacred geometric codes of Light from the Great Central Sun, and the energetic codes/frequencies of the Earth were then radiated back into the higher realms so that the great Beings of Light could monitor the progress of Earth and humanity.

覚えているでしょうか。以前、私達は地球がどのように形成され、人類の生息のために準備されたかを説明しました。大地に深く埋められ、地上から空高く突き出した巨大なクリスタルの、生活光の尖塔がありました。これらの知覚尖塔は、世界中に配置され、グレート・セントラル・サンからの神聖な光の幾何学コードを送受信する装置でした。そして地球のエネルギー・コードまたは周波数は高次元に放射され、偉大な光の存在達は地球と人類の進歩をモニターできました。

These magnificent pillars of Light were also used to modify and refine the Divine blueprint and the frequencies of Light which were being sent forth onto the Earth and throughout the grid system. When the Earth fell into the density of the Third/Fourth Dimensions, there was a dramatic increase of cataclysmic events whereby most of these great spires were broken, shattered and buried deep within the Earth.

これら壮大な光の柱は、神の青写真やグリッド・システムを通じ、地球に送られる光の周波数を修正し洗練するためにも使われました。地球が三・四次元の密度に落ち込んだとき、大規模な地殻変動が激増しました。それにより、ほとんどの偉大な尖塔は破壊され、粉々になり、大地に深く埋もれてしまいました。

Only a few of these magnificent sentinels remained; however, they are disguised by a cover of plant material or layers of soil and rock. Most all of the wondrous crystals that are returning to you during this miraculous age of transformation are fragments of those great spires. Is it any wonder that they have become so precious to you as they help you retrieve some of the wondrous memories of your ancient past and create visions of your home among the stars?

これらの壮大な知覚物の内、ほんの僅かなものが残りました。しかしそれらは植物や土壌、岩の層で覆われ、隠されています。この奇跡的な転換の時代に、あなた方のもとに戻ろうとしている素晴らしいクリスタルの大部分はこれら偉大な尖塔の断片なのです。あなた方が古代の驚くべき記憶を取り戻し、星間にあなた方の故郷を作るというビジョンを持つのにクリスタルが役に立ち、それが非常に重要になるというのは不思議ですか。

Many of you have diligently anchored the ascension stones as we instructed you to do in conjunction with information about how to visit the City of Light nearest you, and how to tap into the vibrational frequencies of the Fifth and Sixth Dimensions in order to begin the flow of Adamantine Particles into your etheric vessel in your Fifth-Dimensional Pyramid and down into your earthly physical vessel. We have explained how you may also tithe a portion of the Adamantine Particles of Light that you download and integrate to the World Pyramid in the higher Dimensions for the greatest good of all. You may also dedicate a portion to any other Pyramids that you have created or helped to create. A full explanation and procedure of how to do this have been given in the past.

あなた方の近くにある光の都市への訪問の仕方や、五次元のピラミッドにあるあなた方のエーテル体と地上の肉体にアダマンタイン粒子を流し始めるための五�
��六次元の振動周波数への入り方に関する情報に併せ、私達はそのやり方を教えたので、あなた方の多くはアセンションを石を勤勉に定着してきました。私達は、あなた方が取り込むアダマンタイン粒子の十分の一をどのように取り扱い、より高い次元にある世界ピラミッドにどのように統合していくのか説明しました。あなた方は自分が作った、あるいは作るのを手伝った、他のピラミッドにアダマンタイン粒子の一部分をささげるかもしれません。その十分な説明とやり方はすでに過去にお教えしました。

It is time to give you a more detailed explanation regarding the ascension anchoring stones and why they are so important. The two clear crystal stones represent the crystalline Fire Light of the Creator, or the Adamantine Particles as we have named them for this coming era. Since it is not feasible to replace the great sentient crystal spires around the Earth, these stones will perform the same function as receivers and senders in conjunction with each of you as refined, conscious Light receptacles.

アセンションを定着させる石に関してより詳細に説明し、それがなぜ非常に重要なのかを説明する時が来ました。二つの透明なクリスタルの石は創造主のクリスタル・ファイヤーの光を表します。それは来るべき時代のために私達が名づけたアダマンタイン粒子でもあります。地球の周りにある偉大なクリスタルの尖塔を置き換えるのは簡単にできることではないため、あなた方一人ひとりが純化し意識の光の受容器になるとともに、これらの石が送受信機として同じ機能を果たすでしょう。

The two small amethyst stones will draw forth the Violet Flame of transformation from the Seventh Ray, and will radiate it down into the many levels of the Earth, thereby activating the great amethyst clusters, and the etherically encapsulated Violet Flame chambers that were strategically placed around the Earth awaiting the appropriate time to burst into life and begin the uplifting, transformational process from within the Earth’s structure. This will also speed up the process of activating the crystalline grid system that surrounds the Earth which, in turn, will further accelerate the ascension process for the Earth and humanity.

二つの小さなアメジストの石は第七光線の変容の紫の炎を引き出し、地球の多くのレベルに放射します。それにしたがい巨大なアメジストの塊が活性化され、地球の周りに戦略的に配置されているエーテル的にカプセル化された紫の炎の部屋は生き生きし地球構造内部から上昇と変容のプロセスを始める適切な時期を待っています。これは地球を取り囲むクリスタル・グリッド・システムの活性化プロセスを早め、その後地球と人類のアセンション・プロセスをさらに加速するでしょう。

Envision, if you will, a focused shaft of Light beaming down from the City of Light in your area directly into your personal ascension stone, diamond-pattern formation, and then down into the core of the Earth. This will also accelerate the process of anchoring the crystalline grid in your personal surroundings. This, in turn, will eventually result in creating a sacred space of beauty and harmony where peace and serenity prevail.

くっきりとした一筋の光の軸があなたのエリアにある光の都市からあなた個人のアセンションの石（ダイヤモンド形状）に降り注ぎ、次に地球の核に到達するのを視覚化してください。こうすることであなたの周囲のクリスタル・グリッドを定着させるプロセスが加速されます。そして最終的には平和と静穏が広がる美と調和の神聖な空間が作られます。

There will come a time, after you have activated your own ascension column of Light, via your personal Pyramid in the Fifth Dimension, when the power of your magnetic resonance will draw forth and anchor an ascension column of Light to the crystalline grid system through your buried ascension stone diamond-pattern. In doing so, you will begin the process of radiating more and more of this transforming Light down into the Earth and out into your surrounding area.

磁気共鳴のパワーが、埋められたダイアモンド形状のアセンションの石を通し、クリスタル・グリッド・システムに対する光のアセンションの柱を前面に引き出し定着させる時、五次元の個人ピラミッドを通じてアセンションの光の柱を活性化した後、何らかの時が来るでしょう。そうすることで、あなた方はこの変容した光をもっともっと地球とあなた方の周辺に放射するようになります。

To refresh your memory and to remind you of the extreme importance of become a bearer of Creator Light, we will repeat a brief excerpt from a past message:

あなた方の記憶をリフレッシュし、創造主の光の担い手になるという非常に重要なことを思い出してもらうため、私達は過去のメッセージを一部抜粋して繰り返しましょう。

The portals are now open, but you must rise up and enter, for this great gift of radiant Light is only accessible to those who are firmly on the path of ascension and are capable of being baptized in the Living Light of new Creation.

　ポータルは今開かれています。しかしあなた方は立ち上がって入らなければなりません。何故ならこの偉大な放射する光の贈り物は、アセンションの道をしっかり行く人と新しい創造の生きた光で洗礼を受ける能力のある人だけにアクセス可能だからです。

The key to each Higher-Dimensional inner sanctum is vibrational, each one more refined and exquisite than the last. If you have been reading our messages over the past years, and have made an effort to integrate even a small portion of our teachings, you are ready to be a part of this grand mission and to enter a City of Light.

内にある聖域は高次元になっており、その鍵は振動です。それぞれがより洗練されており、今までより一層絶妙となっています。過去数年にわたって私たちのメッセージを読んでおり、その教えの一部でも統合しようと努力したなら、あなた方はこの壮大な使命の一部となり、光の世界に入る準備ができています。

If you still have doubts, go into your Pyramid of Light and lie on the crystal table therein. Ask your angelic friends to assist you in harmonizing your frequency patterns both within and without, and then while in a meditative state, with pure intention, envision the double helix spiral of Light. See yourself being lifted up the spiral on the right and allow your Higher Self to orchestrate your journey into the Light City. Do not place any conditions on your journey or expect a certain outcome. Allow Spirit to be your guide and you will not be led astray. You will be infused with the appropriate amount of Creator Light, as much as you can integrate,
process and project out into the world. No more, no less.

もしまだ疑いがあるなら、あなた方個人の光のピラミッドに入り、そこでクリスタル・テーブルに横たわってください。あなた方の天使の友にお願いし、あなたの内と外の両方の周波数パターンを調和させるのを手伝ってもらってください。その時、瞑想しながら純粋な意図で光の二重らせんを視覚化してください。あなた自身が右回りに螺旋を上がっていくの見てください。ハイヤーセルフがあなたの光の都市への旅を計画するのを許可してください。あなたの旅に関して条件を付けたり、結果を期待してはいけません。スピリットにあなたのガイドになってもらいなさい。そうすればあなたは道を外すことはありません。あなたは統合し世界に投影した分だけ、それにふさわしい量の創造主の光で満たされるでしょう。それ以上でもなく、それ以下でもなく。

Gradually you, the ascending StarSeed of new Creation, will move further and further into the inner sanctum of Light as you bring more and more of the rarified Fire Light of the Creator, and the Divine Schematic of the future back to Earth with you. Remember, beloveds, in many ways, you are planting the seeds of ascension for humanity and the Earth. As has been said, “As you are lifted up, so are the Earth and all of its inhabitants.”

あなた方は、もっともっと多くの希薄な創造主の火の光をもたらし、未来の神の計画を地球にもたらすにつれ、新しい創造のアセンドするスターシードであるあなた方は内部の神聖な光の場所に移行するでしょう。覚えておいてください、愛しいマスター達。いろいろな方法であなた方は人類と地球のためにアセンションの種をまいているのです。今まで言われてきたように、「あなた方が上昇すれば地球とその他すべての生息物も上昇します」。

Dear ones, we are aware that these are times of great stress and momentous change. It is more important than ever that you do not let yourselves be dragged downward onto the spiral of fear and negativity that is building within the collective consciousness of humanity. You must be diligent in your determination to stay centered and focused on your personal vision for the future. Do not allow others to deter you from your path out of a false sense of duty, and old ties that bind you to the illusion of the Third/Fourth Dimensions. Promise yourself that from this moment onward you will only do that which excites you and brings a sense of satisfaction, for therein lies your mission and how you can best serve.

愛しい人達へ。私達はこれらが大きなストレスと極めて重要な変化の時代であることに気付いています。人類の集合意識の中に作り上げられた恐怖とネガティブのスパイラルに引き込まれないようにするのはかつてないほど重要になっています。あなた方はセンターに留まることを決心することにおいて、未来のため自分のビジョンに集中することにおいて、たゆまぬ努力をしなければなりません。三・四次元の幻想に縛られた古いつながりや、義務という錯覚から、あなた方の行く道を他の人に阻ませてはいけません。今この瞬間から、満足感を得、興奮するものだけをやるということを自分自身に約束してください。

As you bring more joy into your life, others will notice and begin to follow your example, and as you activate this inner power source more and more, it will trigger what is needed for others to open their heart center and begin the awakening process. You can be the catalyst that will help those within your sphere of influence to move more quickly through the process of healing emotional wounds, and through your words of wisdom you can inspire them to turn inward and begin to listen to the nudgings of Spirit.

何故なら、そこにはあなた方の使命とどうやって最高の奉仕ができるかということがあるからです。あなた方の人生に喜びが齎されるにつれ、他の人達は気が付き、あなた方を模範とするようになるでしょう。あなた方が内なるパワーの源をもっともっと活性化すれば、他の人達にはハートセンターを開き気づきのプロセスを開始するのに必要なものがもたらされるでしょう。あなた方は、影響の及ぶ範囲で、より早く人々を助ける触媒になることができます。傷ついた感情の癒しの過程を通じて、または心を内に向けスピリットのささやきを聞き始めるための叡智の言葉を通じて。

Be aware that there will be people who come into your life who may try to discourage you from your path as you move further along the spiral of ascension, and there may be some that you will leave behind as you delve deeper into the complexities of enlightenment. As you learn the lessons that are presented to you, and you are ready to advance toward the Light, many of those around you will stay stuck in the illusion of the inharmonious lower dimensions. Do not judge. Bless them and allow them to follow their own path, but do not let them deter you from yours.

あなた方はアセンションのスパイラルに沿って移行するとき、あなた方の人生に入り込み、道を阻もうとする人々が現れるかもしれないことに留意してください。あなた方は光を深く掘り下げるにつれ、あなた方と袂を分かつ人がでるかもしれません。あなた方は提示された教訓を学び、光の方向に進む準備ができていますが、多くの人は低い三次元の不調和な幻想に行き詰まるでしょう。裁いてはいけません。彼らを祝福し、彼らの行く道を許してあげなさい。

Those like you are in the vanguard, the ones brave enough to step out and away from popular beliefs and the limited mass consciousness of the Third- and lower Fourth-Dimensional environment. Allow those visions that sometimes fill your consciousness to come forth, and allow yourself to speak the words of wisdom that often float through your mind. You are in the process of accessing more and more of your Sacred Mind – your own cosmic library where a great wealth of information, knowledge and ancient memories are stored.

しかし彼らにあなたの道を阻ませることをさせてはいけません。あなた方は三次元と低い四次元環境の制限された一般大衆の意識を抜け出す勇気を持った人達で、その先陣にいます。あなた方の意識に時々現れるビジョンを許してください。あなた方は神聖なマインド（豊富な情報、知識、古代の記憶が貯蔵されている宇宙の図書館）にますますアクセスする過程にあります。

You must remember that for these many past ages, almost every Soul born on the physical plane has been caught up in the mass consciousness belief system of the Third/Fourth Dimensions. As a result, the core issues from the past and the imperfections within the ancestral DNA have caused many symptoms to manifest whenever anyone allowed themselves to feel unloved or unworthy, or felt guilt, shame or resentments in any form.

あなた方は、多くの過去世で物質界に生まれたとき、ほ�
�んどすべての魂が三･四次元の一般大衆の信念体系に捕まったことを思い出さなければなりません。結果として、愛されていないとか、自分に価値がないとか、罪、恥、怒りなどを感じるときはいつも祖先のDNAにある不完全さや過去世からくる確信的な問題が症状を引き起こし表面化するのです。

During these momentous times of transformation, the Light of Eternal Life will not be denied. It is delving into the deepest pockets of negativity within your multiple bodily systems. As these misqualified thought forms rise to the surface, they can create great discomfort in various ways, for they have been a part of your physical makeup for a very long time. They may not relinquish their hold easily, beloveds, but you must prevail.

この転換のきわめて重大な時代において、永遠の生命の光は否定されないでしょう。それは複数から構成される身体システムの中にある否定性のポケットに深く入り込みます。誤った思考形態が表に現れるとき、それはいろいろな形で不快感を作り出します。なぜならそれらは非常に長い間、身体を構成する一部になってきたからです。それらは簡単には開放されないかもしれません、しかしあなた方はそれに打ち勝たなければなりません。

When the opposing forces of Light and shadow meet, the Light is always ultimately victorious. So do not become discouraged, for as you move deeper and deeper into your inner core, you are being given an opportunity to, once and for all, release to the Light all frequencies of a discordant nature which do not serve your greatest good. The process of transformation is speeding up exponentially; however, it will become much easier for those of you who are actively taking part in your own ascension process. Remember, always ask for ease and grace.

光と影の対抗する力が出会うとき、究極的にはいつも光が勝利します。ですので落胆しないでください。何故なら、自身の内部に深く入れば入るほど、あなた方にとって良きとせず不協和音を奏でている周波数を光へと解放する機会が与えられるからです。

My faithful warriors, are you ready to step forward and accept the final phase of your earthly mission? For in these critical times you are needed as transducers and transmitters of this refined energy to help move humanity and the Earth through this important time of transition. That is why I have called my legions together once more, and why I am making my presence known to those of you who have agreed to play an important role in the great drama that is now unfolding on Earth.

誠実な戦士達へ。前進し地上での最後の使命を受け入れる準備はできていますか？というのは、この重要な変換期において、人類と地球が移行するのを助ける洗練されたエネルギーの変換機であり送信機としてあなた方が必要とされるからです。それが私がもう一度私の軍団に一緒になることを呼びかけた理由であり、地球に展開されている壮大なドラマの中で、重要な役割を担うと約束したあなた方に私の存在を知らせている理由なのです。

As you fill yourself to overflowing with the elixir of Love/Light from the Creator, your circle of influence will widen. First, you will be transformed, and gradually, those in your immediate environment – then it will radiate out further and further into the world. As you allow your Higher Self to guide you and to become more fully integrated within, more and more inspired thought will come to you. There are many ways to allow Spirit to manifest through you; just allow it to happen naturally, dear ones. Our Mother/Father God and the full company of the higher realms are here to support, encourage and love you unconditionally.

I AM Archangel Michael.

創造主の愛と光の万能薬があなた方に降り注ぐと、あなた方の影響範囲が広がります。

最初にあなた方の転換が身近で始まり、次にそれは遠く世界に放射されます。ハイヤーセルフにあなた方をガイドさせるようになると、よりいっそう直感的思考が出るようになります。スピリットがあなた方を通して現れる方法はいくつもあります。愛する人々よ、自然に起こさせなさい。私達の母であり父である神と高次元の仲間達は無条件にあなた方を愛し、勇気付け、支援するためにここに居ます。

私は大天使ミカエルです。

翻訳：　Takashi Shimizu

From Star Quest Mastery by Ronna Herman Vezane

Transmitted through Ronna/Sacred Scribe * As transmitter of this article I, Ronna Herman Vezane, claim the universal copyright in the name of Archangel Michael. Posting on websites is permitted as long as the information is not altered, excerpted or added to, and credit of authorship and my Email and website address is included. It may be published in journals, magazines or public print with permission from:

LESS THAN HUMAN 関連ツイート

Fetal rights no less tend to be ignored than the human rights of the dead do.
死者の人権と同様に，胎児の人権も無視される傾向にある。

You cannot kill humans with less than 12 minutes of life left (in human calculations).
残りの寿命が人間界単位で12分以下の人減は、殺すことができない。

RT @eye_mirror: 【less than human】の新作フレームが加わりました。

ゴーグルの様なフロントが印象的なデザインで御座います。
また、スチームパンクの様な鉄骨をイメージした特徴的なテンプルは、見た目よりも軽く掛け心地も考慮されております。 https…

RT @eye_mirror: 【less than human】の新作フレームが加わりました。

LESS THAN HUMAN おいしさを笑顔に

#divide by zero

LESS THAN HUMANの販売店舗情報、商品を格安価格でご提供しております

[PDF]

LESS THAN HUMANのことなら商品保証しかも安い

What is relativity? Einstein’s mind-bending theory explained

How our ideas about space and time changed forever.

WHO CAME UP WITH THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY?

WHAT IS SPECIAL RELATIVITY?

WHAT IS GENERAL RELATIVITY?

WHAT DOES RELATIVITY LOOK LIKE ‘UNDER THE HOOD?’

TESTS OF SPECIAL AND GENERAL RELATIVITY

RELATIVITY IN PRACTICE

LESS THAN HUMAN 新しい世界を創る。

LESS THAN HUMAN ふれあい 信頼 地元とともに

LESS THAN HUMAN ふれあい信頼地元とともに